Important tables on planning, and case histories, allow the reader to build confidence in his design of underground structures. View academics in seismic design of underground structures on academia. The name blue book is renowned worldwide amongst engineers, researchers, and building officials. The void inside a tunnel does result in amplification of the ground movement. Pdf performance and seismic design of underground structures. Earthquake design of rectangular underground structures. Academics in seismic design of underground structures. The jrc expert group on design of underground structures held its first meeting on 22. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures. Basic assumptions harmonic seismic waves no sliding at the soilstructure interface. In general, soil dynamics govern design, but structure plays an important role that should be carefully studied.
Seismic effects shall be considered for structures with span lengths more than 20 feet. The report discusses special design issues, including the design of tunnel segment joints and joints between tunnels and portal structures. Even if buried structures commonly show a better performance under seismic actions than aboveground structures, during recent strong earthquakes some urban underground structures suffered severe damages and collapses. The report focuses on methods of analysis of underground structures subjected to seismic motion due to. Pdf seismic design and analysis of underground structures. Underground structures, tunnels, subways, metro stations and parking lots, are crucial components of the build environment and transportation networks. Seismic analysis and design of retaining walls, buried structures, slopes, and embankments explores analytical and design methods for the seismic design of retaining walls, buried structures. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures free download as pdf file. Instructional material complementing fema 451, design examples steel structures 10 2 steel design. Structural behaviour may be improved increasing local deformation capacity or changing relative stiffness of the structural elements to change the ductility demand. Underground structures for underground structures such as tunnels, the seismic design approach differs from that of the surface structures e. This is because the structures are supported on all sides by. This report describes approaches used by engineers in quantifying the seismic effect on an underground structure. An important part of the structural design is to provide ductility.
Nevertheless the design of these structures has to consider seismic loading. Specifically, the characteristics of earthquakes and ground motion pertinent to the development of seismic input criteria are the size of the earthquake, the intensity, and the frequency. However, unlike the elevated structure, the seismic design of underground structures is unique in several ways. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Seismic design considerations for underground box structures. Antonio bobet pgs 2011 seismic design of underground structures using the freefield method and other misconceptions chuto industrial inc.
For underground structures such as tunnels, the seismic design approach differs from that of the surface structures e. Underground structures deform with surrounding ground 3. Department of homeland security by the national institute of building sciences building seismic safety council. Seismic design of underground structures using the freefield. This section focuses on the seismic analysis and design of large linear underground structures commonly used for metro structures, highway tunnels, and large watersewage transportation ducts in urban areas and can be grouped into three broad categories. Generally, the seismic design criteria does not control the design of underground structures unless the peak ground acceleration exceeds 0.
It is assumed that in a major event the structure will go beyond the elastic limits and survive in the inelastic range by ductility. The objective of the first meeting was to assess the standardisation needs for design of underground structures and discuss the feasibility for new standards. Surface structures in the seismic design practice for bridges, the loads caused by an extreme event earthquake in a seismically active region are often several times more severe than the loads. Download ebook seismic design of building structures, 11th ed. Surface structures are not only directly subjected to the excitations of the ground.
Seismic design of underground structures is an important issue because of the high risk and repair cost. Seismic design of structures stepbystep calculations for the design and analysis of structures subject to seismic earthquake loading through the examples in this course, you will learn how to. Dec 30, 20 underground structures, tunnels, subways, metro stations and parking lots, are crucial components of the build environment and transportation networks. The seismic behavior of underground structures is highly complex because of the complexity of soil behavior and the relevance of. Seismic design of large, long underground structures.
The recent failures of a number of underground structures and lifelines in recent earthquakes support this. T1 seismic design and analysis of underground structures. Importance of seismic design 4 seismic design before the 90s 5 1. Basic assumptions harmonic seismic waves no sliding at the soil structure interface. Guidelines for waterproofing of underground structures. Metro and parking stations, highway tunnels conference paper pdf available june 2010 with 373 reads how we measure reads. This report presents a summary of the current state of seismic analysis and design for underground structures. Acknowledgements the following people and their affiliations contributed to this report. Design of underground structures under seismic conditions. In general, seismic design loads for underground structures are characterized in terms of the deformations and strains imposed on the structure by the surrounding. This is because the structures are supported on all sides by soil and rock, and move as a unit with the adjacent soil. Seismic design and analysis of underground structures ita activities. There is compelling evidence that current engineering seismic design of rectangular underground structures needs to be improved.
Static and seismic design approach for underground station structure for the case of jakarta mrt 1irawan tani, anita gunadharma communication for. Chapter 9 buried structures seismic analysis and design. Oct 01, 2001 nevertheless, some underground structures have experienced significant damage in recent large earthquakes, including the 1995 kobe, japan earthquake, the 1999 chichi, taiwan earthquake and the 1999 kocaeli, turkey earthquake. Standardisation needs for the design of underground structures. Ground shaking induced loads for underground structures main causes of seismic risk for underground structures can be liquefaction, active faults. In contrast, surface structures are designed for the inertial forces caused by ground accelerations. Underground structures are strictly dependent on ground displacements during earthquakes. Nevertheless, some underground structures have experienced significant damage in recent large earthquakes, including the 1995 kobe, japan earthquake, the 1999 chichi, taiwan earthquake and the 1999 kocaeli, turkey earthquake. Seismic design and analysis of rectangular underground structures. Underground structures in dense, urban settings are often built near tall buildings.
The second study was focused on the rocking response of rigid foundation. Pdf underground structures, tunnels, subways, metro stations and parking lots, are crucial components of the build environment and. Considering their importance for life save and economy, appropriate seismic design is of prior significance. Since seismic deformation in the cross section of underground structures is mainly shear deformation, seismic performance is estimated by the shear deformation in simplified seismic design. An introduction to the nehrp recommended seismic provisions for new buildings and other structures. Underground structures have features that make their seismic behaviour distinct from most surface structures, most notably 1 their complete enclosure in soil or rock, and 2 their significant length i. The ground motion attenuation as specified below shall be considered for seismic design of buried structures. Design of underground structures aims at ensuring that the structure can sustain those deformations without failure.
However, the collapse of the daikai subway station during the 1995 kobe earthquake serves as a reminder of the need to consider seismic loading in their design. Underground structures are safe against earthquakes 2. Since 1959, the seaoc blue book has been a prescient publication of earthquake engineering. In all cases the earthquake excitation can be represented by a vertically propagating horizontally polarized shear. The aim of this chapter is not to make another general presentation of the methods used for the seismic design of underground structures, but rather to discuss and highlight the most important. The objective is to describe the benefits and deficiencies of each type of waterproofing system and to assist the designer in. Underground structures have generally performed well during seismic events. The report describes approaches used by engineers in quantifying the seismic effect. The most commonly utilized approach in dynamic analysis of underground structures is to neglect the inertial forces of the substructures since these forces are relatively insignificant contrary to the case of surface structures. Example 2 calculating the seismic design force and seismic base shear for a building using the simplified analysis procedure.
Ascesei 710 is not retroactive and usually applies to existing structures only when there is an addition, change of use, or alteration. The seismic design need not be considered for buried structures with span lengths of 20 feet or less. Moreno pescara, giuseppe maria gaspari, luca repetto geodata engineering spa, torino, italy. Seismic design of large underground structures application of a new. Underground structures 15 surface structures 15 underground structures 16 design and analysis approaches 16 2. Seismic design of tunnels graz university of technology. Performance and seismic design of underground structures. Examples of seismic design used for underground structures are included in an appendix at the end of the report.
Seismic analysis and design of retaining walls, buried structures, slopes, and embankments explores analytical and design methods for the seismic design of retaining walls, buried structures, slopes, and embankments. It is envisaged by publishing the english version of design recommendation for storage tanks and their supports that the above unique design recommendation will be promoted to. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 611. Here the procedure followed for seismic upgrade of the design of the bolu tunnel is exposed together with some main results. The book will be beneficial to civil, structural, geotechnical and mining engineers, geologists, and planners and managers associated with the design and construction of underground structures. Accordingly, to the large underground structures built for the subway stations, we havent comprehend its seismic damage mechanics completely, which makes the great difficult to its seismic design by using the existed seismic design methods which have advanced just for the small and simple underground structure. Haki conference jakarta, 23rd 25th august, 2016 the first metro project in indonesia has commenced finally and half of the packages are underground.
Seismic response of structures with underground storeys. Since seismic deformation in the cross section of underground structures is mainly shear deformation, seismic performance is estimated by the shear deformation in simplified seismic design methods. Pdf seismic design aspects of underground structures asrat. Specifically, the characteristics of earthquakes and ground motion pertinent to the development of seismic input criteria are the size of the earthquake, the intensity. Strength limit state using the 2003 nehrp recommended provisions. Seismic design of underground structures using the freefield method and other misconceptions chuto industrial inc. In general, seismic design loads for underground structures are characterized in terms of the deformations and strains imposed on the structure by the surrounding ground, often due to the interaction between the two. Pdf seismic design of large, long underground structures. Seismic design of underground structures using the free. Pdf seismic design aspects of underground structures. Main causes of seismic risk for underground structures can be liquefaction, active faults crossings, seismically induced landslides and ground shaking intensity.
The first study was focused on the effects of soil structure interaction ssi on the seismic response of tall structures. The aim of this chapter is not to make another general presentation of the methods used for the seismic design of underground structures, but rather. Minimum acceptable seismic resistance of existing buildings is a policy issue normally set by the authority having jurisdiction. Seismic performance of shallow underground structures. Seismic analysis and design of retaining walls, buried. Structures in new zealand a perspective on the seismic. Nov 06, 2016 download ebook seismic design of building structures, 11th ed slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Surface structures in the seismic design practice for bridges, the loads caused by an extreme event earthquake in a seismically active region are often several times more severe than. I havent looked at analysis of nonstructural components in underground structures, but i have done many seismic analyses of underground structures, and i agree with wa rose. Underground structures are essential in urban areas and their number is continuously increa sing. The objective of the first meeting was to assess the standardisation needs for design of underground structures and. Static and seismic design approach for underground station. Unlike above ground structures, the response of undergound structures to seismic loading is dominated by the seismic deformations of the surrounding soil. Underground structures have historically performed well during earthquakes.
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